Compare Reunion (2006) - French Southern and Antarctic Lands (2006)

Compare Reunion (2006) z French Southern and Antarctic Lands (2006)

	Reunion (2006)	French Southern and Antarctic Lands (2006)

Administrative divisions	none (overseas department of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 4 arrondissements, 24 communes, and 47 cantons	none (overseas territory of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are three districts named Ile Crozet, Iles Kerguelen, Iles Saint-Paul et Amsterdam; excludes "Adelie Land" claim in Antarctica that is not recognized by the US
Age structure	0-14 years: 29.8% (male 120,147/female 114,589) 15-64 years: 64% (male 248,895/female 255,156) 65 years and over: 6.2% (male 19,847/female 28,950) (2006 est.)	-
Agriculture - products	sugarcane, vanilla, tobacco, tropical fruits, vegetables, corn	-
Airports	2 (2006)	-
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2006)	-
Area	total: 2,517 sq km land: 2,507 sq km water: 10 sq km	total: 7,829 sq km land: 7,829 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Ile Amsterdam, Ile Saint-Paul, Iles Crozet, and Iles Kerguelen; excludes "Adelie Land" claim of about 500,000 sq km in Antarctica that is not recognized by the US
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Rhode Island	slightly less than 1.3 times the size of Delaware
Background	The Portuguese discovered the uninhabited island in 1513. From the 17th to the 19th centuries, French immigration, supplemented by influxes of Africans, Chinese, Malays, and Malabar Indians, gave the island its ethnic mix. The opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 cost the island its importance as a stopover on the East Indies trade route.	The Southern Lands consist of two archipelagos, Iles Crozet and Iles Kerguelen, and two volcanic islands, Ile Amsterdam and Ile Saint-Paul. They contain no permanent inhabitants and are visited only by researchers studying the native fauna. The Antarctic portion consists of "Adelie Land," a thin slice of the Antarctic continent discovered and claimed by the French in 1840.
Birth rate	18.9 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)	-
Budget	revenues: $554.7 million expenditures: $554.7 million; including capital expenditures of $NA (1998)	-
Capital	name: Saint-Denis geographic coordinates: 20 52 S, 55 28 E time difference: UTC+4 (9 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)	-
Climate	tropical, but temperature moderates with elevation; cool and dry (May to November), hot and rainy (November to April)	antarctic
Coastline	207 km	1,232 km
Constitution	4 October 1958 (French Constitution)	-
Country name	conventional long form: Department of Reunion conventional short form: Reunion local long form: none local short form: Ile de la Reunion former: Bourbon Island	conventional long form: Territory of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands conventional short form: French Southern and Antarctic Lands local long form: Territoire des Terres Australes et Antarctiques Francaises local short form: Terres Australes et Antarctiques Francaises abbreviation: TAAF
Death rate	5.49 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)	-
Debt - external	$NA	-
Dependency status	overseas department of France	overseas territory of France since 1955; administered from Paris by Administrateur Superieur Michel CHAMPON (since 20 December 2004), assisted by Secretary General Jean-Yves HERMOSO (since NA)
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas department of France)	none (overseas territory of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas department of France)	none (overseas territory of France)
Disputes - international	none	French claim to "Adelie Land" in Antarctica is not recognized by the US
Economic aid - recipient	$NA; note - substantial annual subsidies from France (2001 est.)	-
Economy - overview	The economy has traditionally been based on agriculture, but services now dominate. Sugarcane has been the primary crop for more than a century, and in some years it accounts for 85% of exports. The government has been pushing the development of a tourist industry to relieve high unemployment, which amounts to one-third of the labor force. The gap in Reunion between the well-off and the poor is extraordinary and accounts for the persistent social tensions. The white and Indian communities are substantially better off than other segments of the population, often approaching European standards, whereas minority groups suffer the poverty and unemployment typical of the poorer nations of the African continent. The outbreak of severe rioting in February 1991 illustrated the seriousness of socioeconomic tensions. The economic well-being of Reunion depends heavily on continued financial assistance from France.	Economic activity is limited to servicing meteorological and geophysical research stations and French and other fishing fleets. The fish catches landed on Iles Kerguelen by foreign ships are exported to France and Reunion.
Electricity - consumption	1.107 billion kWh (2003)	-
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2003)	-
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2003)	-
Electricity - production	1.19 billion kWh (2003)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Piton des Neiges 3,069 m	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Mont Ross on Iles Kerguelen 1,850 m
Environment - current issues	NA	NA
Ethnic groups	French, African, Malagasy, Chinese, Pakistani, Indian	-
Exchange rates	euros per US dollar - 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001)	-
Executive branch	chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Pierre-Henry MACCIONI (since 28 August 2006) head of government: President of the General Council Nassimah DINDAR (since NA March 2004) and President of the Regional Council Paul VERGES (since NA March 1993) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of the Interior; the presidents of the General and Regional Councils are elected by the members of those councils	chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Senior Administrator Michel CHAMPON
Exports	NA bbl/day	-
Exports - commodities	sugar 63%, rum and molasses 4%, perfume essences 2%, lobster 3%	-
Exports - partners	France 74%, Japan 6%, Comoros 4% (2004)	-
Fiscal year	calendar year	-
Flag description	unofficial, local flag designed to emphasize solidarity among the people of Reunion; the field is divided vertically with three narrow stripes of blue, white, and red along the hoist edge representing the French national flag; the remainder of the field is divided diagonally into four triangles colored (clockwise from the hoist side) blue, golden yellow, red, and green; in the center, the apexes of the triangles are surmounted by a white disk; the only official flag is the national flag of France	the flag of France is used
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 8% industry: 19% services: 73% (2000 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	2.5% (2005 est.)	-
Geographic coordinates	21 06 S, 55 36 E	43 00 S, 67 00 E
Geography - note	this mountainous, volcanic island has an active volcano, Piton de la Fournaise; there is a tropical cyclone center at Saint-Denis, which is the monitoring station for the whole of the Indian Ocean	islands component is widely scattered across remote locations in the southern Indian Ocean
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	-
Imports	NA bbl/day	-
Imports - commodities	manufactured goods, food, beverages, tobacco, machinery and transportation equipment, raw materials, and petroleum products	-
Imports - partners	France 64%, Bahrain 3%, Germany 3%, Italy 3% (2004)	-
Independence	none (overseas department of France)	-
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	-
Industries	sugar, rum, cigarettes, handicraft items, flower oil extraction	-
Infant mortality rate	total: 7.63 deaths/1,000 live births male: 8.37 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.85 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)	-
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	NA%	-
International organization participation	InOC, UPU, WFTU	-
Irrigated land	120 sq km (2003)	0 sq km
Judicial branch	Court of Appeals or Cour d'Appel	-
Labor force	299,000 (2002)	-
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture: 13% industry: 12% services: 75% (2000)	-
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 13.94% permanent crops: 1.59% other: 84.47% (2005)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005)
Languages	French (official), Creole widely used	-
Legal system	French law	the laws of France, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch	unicameral General Council (49 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve six-year terms) and a unicameral Regional Council (45 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve six-year terms) elections: General Council - last held 15 and 22 March 1998 (next to be held NA); Regional Council - last held 28 March 2004 (next to be held in 2010) election results: General Council - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - various right-wing candidates 13, PCR 10, PS 10, UDF 8, RPR 6, other left-wing candidates 2; Regional Council (second round) - percent of vote by party - PCR 44.9%, UMP 32.8%, PS-Greens 22.3%; seats by party - PCR 27, UMP 11, PS-Greens 7 note: Reunion elects three representatives to the French Senate; elections last held in 2001 (next to be held in 2006); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PRC 1, UDF 1, UMP 1; Reunion also elects five deputies to the French National Assembly; elections last held 9 June-16 June 2002 (next to be held in 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP 3, PS 1, independent 1	-
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 74.18 years male: 70.78 years female: 77.75 years (2006 est.)	-
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 88.9% male: 87% female: 90.8% (2003 est.)	-
Location	Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar	southeast of Africa, islands in the southern Indian Ocean, about equidistant between Africa, Antarctica, and Australia; note - French Southern and Antarctic Lands include Ile Amsterdam, Ile Saint-Paul, Iles Crozet, and Iles Kerguelen in the southern Indian Ocean, along with the French-claimed sector of Antarctica, "Adelie Land"; the US does not recognize the French claim to "Adelie Land"
Map references	World	Antarctic Region
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm from Iles Kerguelen (does not include the rest of French Southern and Antarctic Lands)
Merchant marine	registered in other countries: 1 (Bahamas 1) (2006)	total: 77 ships (1000 GRT or over) 3,432,833 GRT/5,345,291 DWT by type: bulk carrier 2, chemical tanker 27, container 18, liquefied gas 5, petroleum tanker 15, roll on/roll off 6, vehicle carrier 4 foreign-owned: 76 (Belgium 6, Denmark 2, France 36, Germany 2, Hong Kong 2, Japan 4, Norway 12, Saudi Arabia 1, Sweden 9, Switzerland 1, UK 1) (2006)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of France	defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches	no regular indigenous military forces; French forces (includes Army, Navy, Air Force, and Gendarmerie) (2005)	-
National holiday	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)	-
Nationality	noun: Reunionese (singular and plural) adjective: Reunionese	-
Natural hazards	periodic, devastating cyclones (December to April); Piton de la Fournaise on the southeastern coast is an active volcano	Ile Amsterdam and Ile Saint-Paul are extinct volcanoes
Natural resources	fish, arable land, hydropower	fish, crayfish
Net migration rate	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)	-
Political parties and leaders	Communist Party of Reunion or PCR [Elie HOARAU]; Rally for the Republic or RPR [Andre Maurice PIHOUEE]; Socialist Party or PS [Michel VERGOZ]; Union for French Democracy or UDF [Gilbert GERARD]; Union for a Popular Movement or UMP	-
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	-
Population	787,584 (July 2006 est.)	no indigenous inhabitants note: in 2002, there were 145 researchers whose numbers vary from winter (July) to summer (January) (July 2006 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	-
Population growth rate	1.34% (2006 est.)	-
Radio broadcast stations	AM 2, FM 55, shortwave 0 (2001)	-
Religions	Roman Catholic 86%, Hindu, Muslim, Buddhist (1995)	-
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2006 est.)	-
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	-
Telephone system	general assessment: adequate system; principal center is Saint-Denis domestic: modern open-wire and microwave radio relay network international: country code - 262; radiotelephone communication to Comoros, France, Madagascar; new microwave route to Mauritius; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean); fiber optic submarine cable (SAT-3/WASC/SAFE) provides connectivity to Europe and Asia	-
Telephones - main lines in use	300,000 (2001)	-
Telephones - mobile cellular	579,200 (2004)	-
Television broadcast stations	35 (plus 18 low-power repeaters) (2001)	-
Terrain	mostly rugged and mountainous; fertile lowlands along coast	volcanic
Total fertility rate	2.45 children born/woman (2006 est.)	-
Unemployment rate	31% (2002)	-

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